Roy Williams c. 1918
Image: Val Williams
FatherRichard Cornelius Williams b. 29 Apr 1871, d. 30 Mar 1932
MotherAnna Caroline Larsen b. 4 Nov 1871, d. 28 Sep 1954
Pedigree

Birth, Death, Marriage

Cecil Roy Williams was born on 1 April 1897 in Tallygaroopna, Victoria.1,2 
He married Annie Veronica O'Connell, daughter of William Patrick O'Connell and Mary Elizabeth Milovitch, on 24 November 1926 in Yarraville, Victoria.3,4 
He died on 2 July 1956 in Mooroopna, Victoria, at age 59.5,6,7 

Family

Annie Veronica O'Connell b. 20 May 1906, d. 30 Aug 1994
Children
ChartsLarsen, Laust, descendant chart
Milovitch, Thomas, descendant chart
O'Connell, Michael, descendant chart
Williams, John, descendant chart
Williams, Roy, pedigree chart

Story

Cecil Roy was born in Tallgaroopna on 1 April 1897. He was the oldest child of Anna and Richard. He was known as Roy.

Daughter Lorraine always said he was born on Tank Corner. This appears to be a locality to the south of the Tallygaroopna township, so Roy was likely born on the family farm. His birth registration simply says Tallygaroopna.8,9,2,10
 
Anna and Richard Williams had seven children, two boys and five girls, between 1897 and 1913. The four eldest, known as Roy, Freda, Lila and Thelma, were born in Tallygaroopna. May was born in Shepparton, and Frank and Rita were born in Numurkah.
Richard, Thelma, Lila (Carnie), Freda (front), Roy (Cecil Roy), May (front) & Anna Caroline Williams (Larsen), c. 1906
Image: Laurie & Lorraine Phillips
Roy's education is largely unknown, though he must have done something right. He was presented with The Sword of the Carews: And other stories by the Methodist Sunday School, Congupna, in April 1905. And in March 1911, the same school awarded him Winter Adventures of Three Boys in the Great Lone Land for good conduct.11,12,13
Williams Family: Back: May, Freda, Richard, Anna, Roy, Thelma, Lila; Front: Rita & Frank, probably Marionvale, c. 1916
Image: Sue Mountney
Marionvale State School
Most of the Williams children went to Marionvale state school at some stage. Only eldest Roy might have left school before the family moved to Marionvale.14
Marionvale State school no. 2515 was a weatherboard one room school situated on Jubilee Road, Parish of Congupna; it opened Jun 1882
Image: Katandra & District History Group
Father and son, Richard and Roy, played cricket at the Congupna recreation ground, near the creamery.15
 
Roy turned 21 on 1 April 1918; this photo may have been taken then.
Roy Williams c. 1918
Image: Val Williams
When Margaret Larsen and George Berry married In November 1919, Roy Williams was best man and Bert Larsen gave Margaret away, as Laust had died by then.
 
Probably George Berry's sister (bridesmaid), Roy Williams (best man), Margaret Berry (Larsen, bride), George Berry (groom), Bert Larsen (gave Mag away), 1919
Image: Laurie & Lorraine Phillips
Roy Williams, c. 1920s
Image: Laurie & Lorraine Phillips
Williams and Son Butchers
In February 1921, Richard purchased a butchering business in Tallygaroopna and offered his Marionvale property for sale.

Roy, now 23, worked in the business too, but it is not known if they used the Williams and Son name at this stage.16
 
It was purchased from Mr Hansen who in turn had purchased it two years earlier from original owner and builder, Hec (or 'Heck') McKenzie.

Richard and Roy were there less than a year. In December 1921, the now R Williams & Son Butchers, thanked their customers for past support, and notified that they have sold their business to Mr AF Larsen. Bert Larsen was Richard's brother-in-law.17,18
 
In 1922, Richard and Roy took over a butchery business in Mooroopna. The Shepparton Advertiser said:
Mr JT Norton has disposed of his butcher's business and his residence and land on the Echuca Road to Mr Williams, of Tallygaroopna, possession to be taken at the end of this month.19

 
The Goulburn Valley Stock and Property Journal gave more details of their entry into butchering in Mooroopna:
Account Mr James T Norton, Mooroopna, his up-to-date butchering business and complete plant, machinery, and fittings, horses and vehicles, to Messrs RC Williams and Son, Marionvale.20

 
Daughter Lorraine said that before Roy began his next butchering business, he worked with Gilbertsons meat works (owners of Don smallgoods) and also Marie 'Ma' Dalley's meat works near the Shepparton lake.13
 
In April 1925, the Shepparton Advertiser reported on the monthly meeting of the Mechanics’ Institute:
Mr R Williams has purchased the block of land owned by Mr Tonkin, adjacent to Messrs Anselmi Bros blacksmith shop, and intends to open an up-to-date butcher’s shop at an early date.21

 
This new butcher shop was on the corner of McLennan (formerly Main) and Young streets. As of 2009, the building still stood but was a coin laundry, though the special 'butcher' tiles are still visible on the walls.22
Williams & Son butchers' shop, cnr Main & Young streets, Mooroopna; Roy Williams out front
Image: Laurie & Lorraine Phillips
Williams & Son butchers, Hubert Gemmill (left), Roy Williams (2nd from right), Mooroopna, c. 1925-1947
Image: Laurie & Lorraine Phillips
Tile at Roy Williams's butcher shop, Mooroopna, 2009
Tile at Roy Williams's butcher shop, Mooroopna, 2009
It wasn't all plain sailing; in January 1926, some aspects of their operation needed adjustment:
The following cases were dealt with at the Police Court ... WH Clowes (Board of Health inspector) v. CR and RC Williams, charged with having allowed pigs access to offal, and with not having butchers’ shop flyproof. Fined £3 and £2, £1 9/6 costs.23

 
In December 1926, they applied to the council for registration of their premises as a factory. This was referred to the engineer.24
 
At the October 1929 meeting of Rodney Shire Council, health inspector Mr Beatty recommended renewal of registration of slaughter yards be granted to RC Williams and Son, Mooroopna, as the yard has been re-built and considerably improved.25
 
In 1931, the business successfully tendered to supply butcher's meat to the value of £161/17/6 to the Mooroopna Hospital.

By 1940, well after Richard's death, the value of the tender had almost doubled.26,27
 
While Richard and Roy had established a business that provided the families with a good income, it was a lot of work, especially after Richard died.

Roy had help from his brother Frank, and from another butcher named Don McDonald. Lorraine said Roy always cut the meat beautifully, especially compared with Don McDonald and Frank Williams who were 'butchers'.

Roy's three children also did their bit and each tells a similar story. They recall visiting the slaughter yards north of town near Gemmill's swamp, and activities such as gutting of sheep, cattle and pigs, and collection of the intestines to be processed for use as sausage skins. Also, different parts of different animals were boiled up for other uses such as soap-making. The meat was then loaded on the horse and dray and covered with a tarpaulin, and brought back to the shop, usually with Frank, to be cut up and prepared for sale.

Making the most of every business opportunity, Roy also prepared meat in a manner acceptable for the local Jewish community. In Lorraine's words:
The animals were not shot, but had something put through their head, all while someone with a skull-cap was praying'.


As well as the more conventional meat supplies, eggs (from home) and rabbits (from rabbit hunts) were sold at the butcher shop.

Roy liked Abbott's stout. He and Frank would drink it (kept cool with the meat) with lunch after closing the shop on Saturdays.13,28,29,30
 
In 1946, soon after the Second World War, Roy decided it was time to sell up. He was struggling with the workload, made worse by the coupon system in place, and getting insufficient help from brother Frank.

He sold his butchering business to Mr Brown, though continued to work there for another 12 months or so.13,28,31
 
After the butcher shop, Roy joined Bill Bullen, a local builder. He then did bookwork at Treacys sawmill until his death in 1956.13
 
In July 1926, Roy was best man when his uncle, Bert Larsen married Doris Wisely.8
 
Roy Williams, Linda Wisely, Doris (Wisely) & Bert Larsen, Doris & Bert's wedding, East St Kilda, Sep 1926
Image: Laurie & Lorraine Phillips
Marriage and Family
Annie Veronica O'Connell and Cecil Roy Williams were married at St Augustine's church in Yarraville on 24 November 1926. They had three children between 1927 and 1939.

They married near Annie's cousins as it was probably easier; Annie was under 21 and pregnant at the time, and Roy had just converted to Catholicism. Annie's father, William gave his permission for Annie to marry, and witnesses were Annie's brother Will/Billy and Roy's sister Freda.

They were married by the young James P O'Collins, who would soon be bishop and later knighted.8,3,32,33
Roy & Annie (O'Connell) Williams, Nov 1926
Image: Val Williams
Roy & Annie Williams (O'Connell), wedding day, Nov 1926
Image: Val Williams
Roy and Annie had three children. Lorraine was born within the first year of their marriage, Valma about two and a half years later, and Leon nine and a half years after that.
 
Family Life 
For at least a year after Roy and Annie married, they lived in Annie's parents' family home behind the wine shop in Main Street, Mooroopna. Daughter Lorraine was born during this time.34,13,35
Lorraine Anna, Anna Caroline (Larsen) & (Cecil) Roy Williams, 1927
Image: Val Williams
By January 1930 when Val was born, the family was at the home in Echuca Rd (later 37 Echuca Rd) where Lorraine, Val and Leon grew up. Leon was a late arrival with sisters Lorraine aged twelve and Val nine.36,37,13
Lorraine, Val & Annie Williams, c. 1931
Image: Val Williams
Lorraine, Leon & Val Williams, c. 1941
Image: Val Williams
The family home was across a paddock from where Roy's parents and brother Frank lived in an old homestead house (later 27 Echuca Rd) closer to the Mooroopna Recreation Reserve.13,37
Annie Williams (O'Connell) with Lorraine and probably Val, Echuca Rd, Mooroopna, c. 1932
Image: Val Williams
Home of Roy & Annie Williams (O'Connell), Echuca Rd, Mooroopna, 1930s
Image: Val Williams
Echuca Rd, Mooroopna, c. 1950s
Image: Kaz Corbo
In the house, a copper used for the laundry was also heated once a week for baths. Later, they had a wood chip heater in the bathroom. In winter the family lived mostly in a big kitchen where the wood fire kept them warm. On hot summer nights, they slept on the lawn with cow pats burning to keep mosquitoes away.

With no TV, they listened to the wireless, played cards or joined in a singalong to music from their pianola.

Roy made toys and other things, like a wooden replica of the Queen Mary and the pedal car in the photo.38,39
Val & Lorraine Williams with Elma Eggerstat in the car Roy re-built from one originally from Bob Jamieson, c. 1931
Image: Val Williams
Lorraine, Val and Leon all helped at different times in the family butcher shop. They also helped at the slaughter yard north of town near Gemmill's Swamp, where the meat was loaded on a horse and dray and brought back to the shop, usually with their Uncle Frank.39
 
The property had cattle and sheep for Roy and his father's butcher shop. There were work horses, trotting horses, cows for milk and chickens for eggs. The family grew their own vegies and some fruit.

While camping, Roy would collect animals, usually due to injured parents, and take them home. So the Echuca Rd house always had native animals, including a kangaroo, koala, and many different birds in a big aviary.

The family also had pet dogs, cats and rabbits. And a cockatoo Lorraine said would screech 'Shut the bloody gate!' and could call and whistle up the dogs.

Before Leon was born, the family went camping every April. They'd go to places like Mt Buller, Jamieson and Cann River, wherever the trout fishing was good.8,39
Annie (O'Connell), Roy, Lorraine & Val Williams, c. 1933
Image: Val Williams
Annie, Val & Lorraine Williams camping, the car is a Swift
Image: Val Williams
Doorway: Annie Williams & unknown; front: unknown, Lorraine Williams, Val Williams (in gumboots), others unknown the car is a Swift
Image: Val Williams
Main St House
By 1947, Roy had sold the butcher shop, and in January 1948 the family moved to a brick house at 97 Main St.

Barry Reid had originally built the house for Mrs Kearney.

The Echuca Rd house was sold in March 1948.37,40,41,42
Williams family home, 97 Main St, Mooroopna, 1949
Image: Val Williams
Home of Roy & Annie Williams, Main St, Mooroopna
Image: Val Williams
Several of Roy's and Annie's siblings left Mooroopna. But there were many return visits, and their Echuca Rd or Main St homes became the focal point.

Some visits even made the newspapers. Annie's brother Mick and his family were regular visitors. And when any of Roy and Annie's family were passing through Melbourne, they'd often drop in to see Mick and Myra.43,44,22
 
Lorraine, Val and Leon had plenty of contact with their extended family, especially Auntie Bub. Now separated from Frank, she ran the Cricketers Arms Hotel just across the road in Mooroopna and the family often had tea there. Bub later ran the Junction Hotel in Toolamba for 13 years, and Leon fondly recalls the family going there for tea on Sundays.45,46
 
Sisters Nell Bazley and Annie Williams raised families about 170 km apart, but visits were common. When Roy, Annie, Lorraine, Val or Leon stayed in Melbourne it was at Bob and Nell's place in Strathmore. And when Bob, Nell or Ailsa visited Mooroopna, they stayed with Roy and Annie.47,22,48
 
Roy and Annie had seven grandchildren, though only two were born before Roy died.
Karen Phillips in rocking horse built by Roy Williams (background), Main St, Mooroopna, c. 1953
Image: Val Williams
Racing and the 'Rec'
Most of the Roy's numerous volunteer community activities had one thing in common, the Mooroopna Recreation Reserve. The 'Rec' as it was universally known, hosted all manner of sporting activities, and was conveniently close to Roy's home. He was involved in Rec-related activities all of his working life.37,49
 
In a December 1945 public meeting, Roy was one of eight trustees elected, and after the meeting he was made president. Within twelve months, he had plans approved by the trustees, football club and Rodney shire for new dressing sheds, drinks stall, refreshment rooms, etc.50,51
 
Like his father, Roy had a keen interest in horse racing and was also involved with the Mooroopna Race Club in an official capacity.

He was assistant secretary in 1926 and after the 1927 News Year's Day event took over as secretary. Roy was still secretary in 1931 and his father Richard was vice president.52,53,54,55
 
In 1927, Roy was vice president of the Fire Brigade Trotting Club (later Mooroopna Trotting Club.56)
 
Roy was a stipendiary steward and a handicapper. After many years of handicapping local events, in 1947 he was appointed handicapper to the North Eastern District Racing Association (NEDRA), a position he held until his 1956 death.57,58,59,37,8,60
Image: Shepparton Advertiser
When a Gymkhana committee was formed in 1941 to raise funds for the racing venue, Roy was secretary.61
 
Tatura sports fundraiser: Calculating Weight of Live Sheep: Roy Williams, Mooroopna, 108 1/2 lbs, correct weight. Mr RA Lee, Mooroopna, acted as stipendary steward.62
 
In November 1944, as secretary of the Goulburn Valley Mixed Sports Association, Roy was congratulated on his efforts towards an 'Outstandingly successful Mooroopna sports meeting'.

A month later, the Mooroopna Recreation Reserve Sports Club held a winding-up meeting at the fire station in which Roy as secretary, presented the financial reports.63,64
 
But not all of his community work was associated with the Rec or racing. In 1931, he supported a Mooroopna Ardmona District Cycling Club competition wiith a gold medal donation. And in 1943 he joined a committee to find 'ways and means of raising money' for the Mooroopna Hospital.65,66
 
And in 1943 he joined a committee to find 'ways and means of raising money' for the Mooroopna Hospital.66
 
Waterworks Trust
Roy was reported to be one of the longest serving commissioners of the Water Board, from 1932 until his death in 1956. He received a posthumous service award from the Waterworks Trusts Association Victoria.67,68
Image: Waterworks Trust Association Victoria
Personal Interests
Roy was good with his hands. One of his better known creations was a wooden replica of the ship, Queen Mary, complete with rigging, lifeboats, portholes (from shoelace eyelets), propellors, etc.

Interesting model: The particularly accurate scale model of the 'Queen Mary' on view at the window of Messrs Stevens Bros. shop in Main Street, Mooroopna has attracted considerable attention. The work of Mr R Williams, it is of great interest.8,37,22,69

 
Roy had birds at the Echuca Rd house in an aviary that was about 4 or 5 metres by 10 metres. There were up to 30 birds, for which Roy had a permit. The cockatoo would whistle the dogs, and also screech 'Shut the bloody gate!'

He also had lots of animals including rabbits, a koala and kangaroo.

The animals were collected while trout fishing, usually due to injured parents.37,8
 
Trout fishing was at places like Corryong, Mansfield, Mt Buller, Jamieson and Cann River. Before Leon was born, the family went every April.8
Roy Williams, country Victoria
Image: Laurie & Lorraine Phillips
Roy Williams, country Victoria
Image: Laurie & Lorraine Phillips
Roy Williams, "In anglers' paradise on the upper Murray", entry for The Sun Best Photograph Competition, year unknown
Image: Val Williams
Roy Williams, "In anglers' paradise on the upper Murray", entry for The Sun Best Photograph Competition, year unknown
Image: Val Williams
Roy Williams (left) in his element
Image: Laurie & Lorraine Phillips
Roy Williams
Image: Val Williams
Roy Williams, c. 1930s
Image: Val Williams
Probably Roy Williams, Woods Point, Victoria, c. 1930s
Image: Val Williams
Roy was a crack shot with the rifle, a skill acquired shooting snakes at the slaughteryard near Gemmel's swamp, or when he went bush or rabbiting.8,37
 
It seems Roy was also good with a golf club. A report from a 1928 Mooroopna Tournament reads:
The mens 18-hole and ladies 9-hole tournament arranged by the Mooroopna Golf Club has been concluded, and in a win for Mr Roy Williams with a score of 42, and Mrs Davidson, who returned a card of 36.70

 
No one else was allowed to drive Roy's car. In the early days he had a Swift, and later a Vanguard.8,37
Roy Williams
Image: Laurie & Lorraine Phillips
Imagine his horror when in 1938 he crashed it.71
Annie (O'Connell) & Roy Williams, c. early 1950s
Image: Val Williams
Anna Caroline Williams died of acute pulmonary oedema at Sorrento private hospital in Oakleigh on 28 September 1954, aged 82. She had been ill for at least the previous twelve months with congestive heart failure and arteriosclerosis. She was buried at Mooroopna cemetery on 29 September 1954.72
Mooroopna cemetery
Image: BillionGraves
Mother's Death 
Anna made a will on 9 October 1946. To daughter Rita she leaves £100 and a presentation teapot of Richard's. To daughter-in-law Annie Williams she leaves £20. To son Frank she leaves the Echuca Rd house and property. An advance of £50 to daughter Lila is deemed paid. The balance of the estate is to be distributed to the five daughters.73
 
Later Years
For the last five years of his life, Roy had high blood pressure and hardening of the arteries.

Cecil Roy Williams died of a cerebral haemorrhage in Mooroopna on 2 July 1956, aged 59. He was buried at Mooroopna cemetery on 4 July 1956.7
Mooroopna cemetery
Image: BillionGraves

Citations

  1. [S270] Victorian Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages, registry and index, Cecil Roy Williams entry, birth registration no. 14899, 1897.
  2. [S314] Cecil Roy Williams, birth registration no. 14899, 1 April 1897.
  3. [S105] Cecil Roy Williams and Annie Veronica O'Connell, marriage registration no. 11007, 24 September 1926.
  4. [S270] Victorian Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages, registry and index, Cecil Roy Williams and Annie Veronica O'Connell entry, marriage registration no. 11007, 1926.
  5. [S270] Victorian Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages, registry and index, Cecil Roy Williams entry, death registration no. 21470, 1956.
  6. [S220] 'Personal Announcements: Deaths', The Argus, 1848-1957, newspaper, Argus Office, 4 July 1956, p. 12, viewed 29 August 2012, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article71643983
  7. [S428] Cecil Roy Williams, death registration no. 21470, 2 July 1956.
  8. [S21] Lorraine Phillips, personal communication, 21 August 2012.
  9. [S79] The Centenary of Congupna Schools and District 1884-1984, Congupna Centenary Committee, 1984.
  10. [S316] Congupna Parish Plan, Imperial measure 2423, VPRS 16171 Regional Land Office Parish and Township Plans Digitised Reference Set, plan no. 2423, map, 1881.
  11. [S204] Winter Adventures of Three Boys in the Great Lone Land, book, Robert Culley.
  12. [S202] The Sword of the Carews: And other stories, book, John F Shaw.
  13. [S21] Lorraine Phillips, personal communication, August and September 2012.
  14. [S260] 'Marionvale', Goulburn Valley Stock and Property Journal, 1910-1963, newspaper, Horan & Simpson, 11 July 1917, p. 3, viewed 6 December 2017, http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/219831427
  15. [S79] The Centenary of Congupna Schools and District 1884-1984, Congupna Centenary Committee, 1984, p. 55.
  16. [S260] 'R Williams: Great clearing out sale', Goulburn Valley Stock and Property Journal, 1910-1963, newspaper, Horan & Simpson, 9 February 1921, p. 2, viewed 10 September 2017, http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/215273540
  17. [S260] 'R Williams & Son', Goulburn Valley Stock and Property Journal, 1910-1963, newspaper, Horan & Simpson, 21 December 1921, p. 2, viewed 9 September 2017, http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/page/24077916
  18. [S260] 'Tenders for lease of farms', Goulburn Valley Stock and Property Journal, 1910-1963, newspaper, Horan & Simpson, 5 February 1919, p. 2, viewed 10 September 2017, http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/215275527
  19. [S201] 'Mooroopna', Shepparton Advertiser, 1914-1953, newspaper, Thomas Pettit and William Callender, 19 June 1922, p. 5, viewed 31 August 2017, http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/179182450
  20. [S260] 'Commercial news', Goulburn Valley Stock and Property Journal, 1910-1963, newspaper, Horan & Simpson, 30 August 1922, p. 2, viewed 1 September 2017, http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/215272210
  21. [S201] 'Mooroopna', Shepparton Advertiser, 1914-1953, newspaper, Thomas Pettit and William Callender, 23 April 1925, p. 9, viewed 31 August 2017, http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/173260906
  22. [S126] Peter Phillips, personal knowledge or recollection.
  23. [S201] 'Mooroopna', Shepparton Advertiser, 1914-1953, newspaper, Thomas Pettit and William Callender, 1 February 1926, p. 5, viewed 31 August 2017, http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/179497967
  24. [S201] 'Rodney Shire: Monthly meeting', Shepparton Advertiser, 1914-1953, newspaper, Thomas Pettit and William Callender, 4 November 1926, p. 10, viewed 9 September 2017, http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/179502313
  25. [S201] 'Rodney Shire Council: Health inspector's report', Shepparton Advertiser, 1914-1953, newspaper, Thomas Pettit and William Callender, 31 October 1929, p. 3, viewed 9 September 2017, http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/186949688
  26. [S201] 'Mooroopna Hospital: Finance committee', Shepparton Advertiser, 1914-1953, newspaper, Thomas Pettit and William Callender, 14 September 1931, p. 4, viewed 31 August 2017, http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/186775229
  27. [S201] 'Supplied for hospital', Shepparton Advertiser, 1914-1953, newspaper, Thomas Pettit and William Callender, 15 March 1940, p. 2, viewed 3 September 2017, http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/174611425
  28. [S172] Leon Williams, personal communication, September 2012.
  29. [S59] Val Williams, personal communication, 2 September 2012.
  30. [S172] Leon Williams, personal communication, 11 June 2000.
  31. [S18] 'Obituary: Mrs AC Williams', Shepparton News, 1877-, newspaper, Roy McPherson, 4 October 1954, p. 4, viewed 16 June 2015.
  32. [S1] Ordained on Christmas Eve, 1922, he returned to Melbourne and served as assistant-priest at Yarraville and East Brunswick, and as diocesan spiritual director of the Catholic Young Men’s Society. Athletic in build, robust and dark featured, in 1930 O’Collins was appointed bishop of Geraldton, Western Australia, thus becoming Australia’s youngest bishop. Retiring in May 1971, he was appointed to the Order of Polonia Restituta (1978) for his service to Polish people in his diocese, and KBE in 1980. Sir James O’Collins died at Ballarat on 25 November 1983.
  33. [S2] WJ McCarthy, 'O'Collins, Sir James Patrick (1892–1983)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, ANU, viewed 6 September 2017, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/…
  34. [S103] Lorraine Anna Williams, birth registration no. 16298, 10 June 1927, parents' usual residence Main St, Mooroopna.
  35. [S201] 'Theft of wine', Shepparton Advertiser, 1914-1953, newspaper, Thomas Pettit and William Callender, 20 February 1928, p. 6, viewed 22 January 2019, https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/179172402
  36. [S515] Valma Ellen Williams, birth registration no. 5816, 29 January 1930.
  37. [S172] Leon Williams, personal communication, 2 September 2012.
  38. [S21] Lorraine Phillips, personal communication, 28 August 2012.
  39. [S448] Grandma living in the 1930s, story, c. 1999.
  40. [S59] Val Williams, personal communication, 28 September 1996.
  41. [S561] LANDATA, online property information, certificate of title, vol. 6783, folio 1356472, Mooroopna 1945-1974.
  42. [S561] LANDATA, online property information, certificate of title, vol. 5598, folio 476, Mooroopna 1929-1998.
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  45. [S172] Leon Williams, personal communication, 18 October 2016.
  46. [S21] Lorraine Phillips, personal communication, 28 September 1996.
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  49. [S21] Lorraine Phillips, personal communication.
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  57. [S201] 'Radio appeal for jockeys: Record entry for Shepparton races', Shepparton Advertiser, 1914-1953, newspaper, Thomas Pettit and William Callender, 18 April 1947, p. 8, viewed 9 September 2017, http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/173894782
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